For example if we type www.howtoconfigure.blogspot.com in browser, the DNS server translates the domain name into its corresponding ip address. So it makes us easy to remember the domain names instead of its ip address.
Scenario
Here are my test setup scenario :
Operating System : RHEL 6 Internal LAN IP of DNS Server : 192.168.10.2 Hostname : server1.howtoc.com
Indication
blue character : means linux command.
bold character : means you have to change/output in files to particulate line or paragraph.
Normal character : means output of linux command or files.
1. Setup a network-script files :
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/netwprk-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System eth0" UUID=5fb06bd0-0bb0-7ffb-45f1-d6edd65f3e03 IPADDR=192.168.10.2 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=10.102.1.1 DNS1=192.168.10.2 HWADDR=00:16:EC:38:25:3D
2. Setup a hosts file :
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.10.2 server1.howtoc.com server1 # Added by NetworkManager 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 server1.howtoc.com server1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 [root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=server1.howtoc.com
3. Add the nameserver in resolve file :
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/resolve.conf
search howtoc.com nameserver 192.168.10.2
4. Now time to install BIND packages from yum :
[root@server1 ~]# yum -y install bind* [root@server1 ~]# updatedb # Find the named.conf file(Main configuration file of BIND) [root@server1 ~]# locate named.conf /etc/named.conf /usr/share/doc/bind-9.7.0/named.conf.default /usr/share/doc/bind-9.7.0/sample/etc/named.conf /usr/share/logwatch/default.conf/services/named.conf /usr/share/man/man5/named.conf.5.gz
# Go to below path [root@server1 ~]# cd /var/named/chroot/ [root@server1 chroot]# cd etc [root@server1 etc]# pwd /var/named/chroot/etc
5. Copy named.conf file from BIND lib. & Change the group of named.conf :
[root@server1 etc]# cp /usr/share/doc/bind-9.7.0/named.conf.default named.conf [root@server1 etc]# chgrp named named.conf [root@server1 etc]# ll named.conf f -rw-r--r--. 1 root named 930 Aug 3 07:58 named.conf
6. Edit the BIND configuration file :
[root@server1 etc]# vim named.conf [root@server1 etc]# grep listen named.conf listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; Comment it # // listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; [root@server1 etc]# vim named.conf [root@server1 etc]# grep listen named.conf listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.10.2; }; Comment it # // listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
7. Restart the name(BIND) service :
[root@server1 etc]# /etc/init.d/named restart Stopping named: [ OK ] Starting named: [ OK ]
8. Edit the named.conf file & add the zone :
# vim /etc/named.conf // // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // options { listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1;192.168.10.2; }; /*listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };*/ directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { localhost;192.168.10.0/24; }; # transfer range ( set it if you have secondary DNS ) allow-transfer { localhost; 192.168.10.0/24; };, recursion yes; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "howtoc.com" IN { type master; file "forward.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "reverse.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
9. Now edit the rfc1912.zones which define in named.conf :
# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones // named.rfc1912.zones: // // Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package // // ISC BIND named zone configuration for zones recommended by // RFC 1912 section 4.1 : localhost TLDs and address zones // and http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt // (c)2007 R W Franks // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // zone "howtoc.com" IN { type master; file "forward.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "localhost" IN { type master; file "named.localhost"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.loopback"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "reverse.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.empty"; allow-update { none; }; };
10. Copy the zone file from BIND Lib :
[root@server1 named]#cp named.localhost forward.zone [root@server1 named]#cp named.loopback reverse.zone
11. Edit the forward zone (name to ip Addr) :
[root@server1 named]#vim /var/named/forward.zone $TTL 1D @ IN SOA server1.howtoc.com. root.howtoc.com. ( 0 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum IN NS server1.howtoc.com. IN A 192.168.10.2 server1 IN A 192.168.10.2
12. Edit the reverse zone (ip Addr to name) :
[root@server1 named]#vim /var/named/reverse.zone $TTL 1D @ IN SOA server1.howtoc.com. root.howtoc.com. ( 0 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum IN NS server1.howtoc.com. IN PTR howtoc.com. IN A 255.255.255.0 2 IN PTR server1.howtoc.com.
12. Change the group permission & restart the service :
[root@server1 named]#chgrp named forward.zone [root@server1 named]#chgrp named reverse.zone [root@server1 named]#/etc/init.d/named restart
13. Test your DNS server using dig command :
@ forward lookup
[root@server1 named]# dig server1.howtoc.com ; <<>> DiG 9.7.0-P2-RedHat-9.7.0-5.P2.el6 <<>> server1.howtoc.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 50351 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;server1.howtoc.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: server1.howtoc.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.10.2 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: howtoc.com. 86400 IN NS server1.howtoc.com. ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.10.2#53(192.168.10.2) ;; WHEN: Tue Oct 16 10:13:40 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 67
@ reverse lookup
[root@server1 named]# dig -x 192.168.10.2 ; <<>> DiG 9.7.0-P2-RedHat-9.7.0-5.P2.el6 <<>> -x 192.168.10.2 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 45077 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;2.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 2.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR server1.howtoc.com. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS server1.howtoc.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: server1.howtoc.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.10.2 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.10.2#53(192.168.10.2) ;; WHEN: Tue Oct 16 10:13:08 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 106
@ Using nslookup command with also working in windows family
[root@server1 named]# nslookup > server1.howtoc.com Server: 192.168.10.2 Address: 192.168.10.2#53 Name: server1.howtoc.com Address: 192.168.10.2 > 192.168.10.2 Server: 192.168.10.2 Address: 192.168.10.2#53 2.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = server1.howtoc.com. >
Enjoy
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ReplyDeletefailed after restart to named.......pls guide.....
ReplyDelete[root@testnfs ~]# /etc/init.d/named restart
Stopping named: [ OK ]
Starting named:
Error in named configuration:
/etc/named.conf:48: zone '0.168.192.in-addr.arpa': already exists previous definition: /etc/named.conf:43
/etc/named.rfc1912.zones:31: zone '0.168.192.in-addr.arpa': already exists previous definition: /etc/named.conf:43
[FAILED]
[root@testnfs ~]#
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// named.rfc1912.zones:
ReplyDelete//
// Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package
//
// ISC BIND named zone configuration for zones recommended by
// RFC 1912 section 4.1 : localhost TLDs and address zones
// and http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt
// (c)2007 R W Franks
//
// See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//
zone "example.com" IN {
type master;
file "forward.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "named.localhost";
allow-update { none; };
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i also got the same error
ReplyDeleteerror in named conbfiguration
/etc/named.rfc.zones:13 zone example.com: already exists previous definition : /etc/named.conf:40
/etc/named.rfc.zones:31 zone 0.0.10.in-addr-arpa: already exists previous definition : /etc/named.conf:47
please guide me i have checked all the things everything seems to be correct and i have also uninstalled and reinstalled and tryied to configure again but i am getting the same error
thank you
netwprk-scripts, yeah that will work
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